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Help - Low frequency horn – T18

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LORDSANSUI View Drop Down
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    Posted: 28 September 2016 at 12:41am
I’m new on the forum but I’ve being working hard to understand this fascinating audio work.

I’m talking about Horn because the decision was already made for my PA but I’m asking for help regarding what drive should I choose my cabinet.

The target is: Lower frequency as possible with higher SPL considering the model available on the list at the final of the post.

Taking into account three very knew and well successful Low frequency horn designs

  • JBL 4818 (W-HORN) è It uses JBL 2240 drive
  • Cerwin Vega B36 (Earthquake) à It uses Eminence Sigma Pro 18A2
  • Electro Voice T18 è It uses Electro Voice DL18MT

Doing reverse engineering comparing all those drivers the main Thiele/Small parameters they have in common are:

High VAS (> 440 L) and also high CMS once those two parameters are direct correlated.

Vas represents the volume of air that when compressed to one cubic meter exerts the same force as the compliance (Cms) of the suspension in a particular speaker.

Why high VAS is desirable? What is the negative effect of using low VAS on Low-frequency Horn?

 

Low QTS (< 2,9)

A unitless measurement, characterizing the combined electric and mechanical damping of the driver. In electronics, Q is the inverse of the damping ratio. The value of Qts is proportional to the energy stored, divided by the energy dissipated, and is defined at resonance (Fs).

No doubt about QTS

High BL

This is a measurement of the motor strength of a speaker. Think of this as how good a weightlifter the transducer is. A high BL figure indicates a very strong transducer that moves the cone with authority!

No doubt about BL

Low Xmax (< 6mm)

Short for Maximum Linear Excursion. Speaker output becomes non-linear when the voice coil begins to leave the magnetic gap. Although suspensions can create non-linearity in output, the point at which the number of turns in the gap (see BL) begins to decrease is when distortion starts to increase

Low Vd (< 0,725 L)

This parameter is the Peak Diaphragm Displacement Volume — in other words the volume of air the cone will move. It is calculated by multiplying Xmax (Voice Coil Overhang of the driver) by Sd (Surface area of the cone).

 

Here I see the first controversial parameter for Horn once usually high Xmax is desired for low frequencies cabinets and also high Vd, but looks like for Horn those variables are desired low to reduce throat pressure and as consequence reduce the distortion.  Could someone confirm or explain?


My cabinet is a close of Electro Voice T18 but is not possible to buy the original T18’s drive DL18MT and change the design is not an option, so I’m looking for local driver to install on this cabinet and see what is the best tradeoff it can reach regarding low frequencies and SPL.

I’ve being also trying to study deeply the theory behind the Horn design but without time and experience with this product have been very hard to proper understand the things.

Some references I tried:

Low-frequency horn design using Thiele/Small driver parameters (1977) è By D.B. Keele Jr

On the Specification of Moving-Coil Driver for Low-Frequency Hon-Loaded Loudspeakers (1979) è By W. Marshall Leach Jr

I also tried to simulate the T18 cabinet using Hornresp but the result is a little different from the original curve and maybe due to some simplifications, losses or wrong input data.

Horn Scheme

The throat was cute in sections like indicated below.





Edited by LORDSANSUI - 28 September 2016 at 1:46am
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LORDSANSUI View Drop Down
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Hornresp input data


The result from Hornresp @ 1W right?:


Original Electro Voice response (Lower SPL @ 60 Hz and higher peak @ 150 Hz:


The question I’m trying to answer is: What would be the best and the worst drive option on the list bellow? why? Once I will not use T18 original drive what can I expected to loose and what can I expected to gain?

Note.: Unfortunately also JBL 2240 and Eminence Sigma Pro 18A2 are not available at my market.



Thanks in advanced.



Edited by LORDSANSUI - 28 September 2016 at 1:49am
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Junior253 View Drop Down
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Junior253 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 28 September 2016 at 2:14pm
i think it simulate on TH bassbin.it right

and sims at 2pi



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LORDSANSUI View Drop Down
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote LORDSANSUI Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 29 September 2016 at 2:01am

some guys from other forum found two wrong input data ans requested to change it. they are:

The steradians from 4pi to 2pi
The segments from conical to parabolic
The driver arrangement from ND to TH

Here are the results

 

 

Link for larger image: https://s16.postimg.org/3ou8k1g85/Hornres_all_spl.png - https://s16.postimg.org/3ou8k1g85/Hornres_all_spl.png

 

 

Link for larger image: https://s16.postimg.org/k1h1v8mxh/Hornres_all_spl_40_110.png - https://s16.postimg.org/k1h1v8mxh/Hornres_all_spl_40_110.png

 

 

Link for large image: https://s11.postimg.org/bk2s19u4z/Hornres_all_spl_40_80.png - https://s11.postimg.org/bk2s19u4z/Hornres_all_spl_40_80.png

 

Taking into account the SPL mean from two different badwidth the simulations highlight some good drivers presenting better results them the original one.

 

They are (the list represent just simulation order and not rank)

 

Snake ESX185

JBL 18SW1

Snake HPX2180

SPL 18SG12

SPL 18SG16

Oversound 18-800-ST

Oversound SUB-1000

 

The Snake HPX2180 would be the winner and the Oversound SUB-1000 as the 2nd place them the Snake ESX185 as 3rd.

 

https://s15.postimg.org/5yu915yrf/Hornres_best_cases_SPL.png - https://s15.postimg.org/5yu915yrf/Hornres_best_cases_SPL.png

 

The doubt is just about the simulation errors, i mean the result is a little different from the original SPL curse in terms of shape.




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