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crossover component formulae

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snowflake View Drop Down
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote snowflake Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Topic: crossover component formulae
    Posted: 08 March 2017 at 7:33pm
Hi

the formulas for the component values in a second order butterworth filter are:

L=Z/(root2.Pi.f) and C=1/(2.root2.Pi.Z.f)

are there similar formulae for Linkwitz Riley and Bessel alignments?

cheers
Phil
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Conanski View Drop Down
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Conanski Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 08 March 2017 at 10:37pm
Originally posted by snowflake snowflake wrote:

are there similar formulae for Linkwitz Riley and Bessel alignments?


Yes.. there are.Big smile
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote snowflake Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 08 March 2017 at 11:04pm
Originally posted by Conanski Conanski wrote:

Originally posted by snowflake snowflake wrote:

are there similar formulae for Linkwitz Riley and Bessel alignments?


Yes.. there are.Big smile

you tease Wink
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote _djk_ Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 08 March 2017 at 11:20pm
The formula only apply to resistive loads, and drivers that are ruler flat for a large distance beyond the crossover point.

In other words they are of little use in designing a real crossover.
djk
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote madboffin Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 08 March 2017 at 11:33pm
I'm sure I have seen some online calculators that will give the theoretical filter component values. But the only use for a calculated crossover is as a starting point to get you in the ballpark before doing a proper design exercise - for the reason DJK gives in the previous message.

The component values will need a lot of tweaking before they work properly with real drive units.




Edited by madboffin - 08 March 2017 at 11:34pm
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MarjanM View Drop Down
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote MarjanM Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 08 March 2017 at 11:43pm
No they wont get you even close to the  ball park.
Crossovers are made with acoustical measurements, not by calculators.
Marjan Milosevic
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https://www.facebook.com/pages/MM-Acoustics/608901282527713
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote madboffin Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 09 March 2017 at 12:12am
Well they will get you into the back row of seats if not the actual ball park...

When I worked for a major speaker manufacturer (long time ago) we would design crossovers using an iterative process. After examining the frequency response and impedance curves of the drivers (and maybe building zobel networks), the starting point would be a "calculated" set of filters built with component substitution boxes.

Then of course, lots of measurements - using either B&K chart recorders or the original TEF analyser (I said it was a long time ago...)

The substitution boxes made it easy to change components just by setting switches, so although it involved a lot of adjustments it was not difficult, just very time-consuming. But I used to get through an awful lot of chart paper...




Edited by madboffin - 09 March 2017 at 12:13am
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snowflake View Drop Down
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote snowflake Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 09 March 2017 at 1:15am
guys, I don't want to start a debate about crossover design. I'm actually quite into it and am trying to set up some calculations for filter components loaded with different zobel networks. I need the formulas not online calculators. does anyone know them or should I start trying to work them out from the transfer functions?

btw all the crossover i've designed in akabak have come out so near to what I expected that it wasn't worth tweaking them.
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote snowflake Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 09 March 2017 at 1:25am
okay the 2nd order LR components are the same value as the first order butterworth components. obvious when you think about it as LR is two cascaded Butterworth filters. Still stumped on the Bessel values.
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote snowflake Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 09 March 2017 at 1:52am
won't pretend I understand why but the Bessel values are a factor of root3 different to the LR values - just verified this by tapping numbers into the online calculator. so for normalised 2nd order bessel:

L=root3.Z/2.Pi.f
C=1/2.root3.Pi.Z.f

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audiomik View Drop Down
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote audiomik Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 09 March 2017 at 12:02pm
Phil
bench with many components here still if you want to try things empirically!
Mik
Warning! May contain Nuts
plus springs, washers, screws, etc, etc.
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote snowflake Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 09 March 2017 at 12:15pm
thanks Mik, will show you what I come up with. Hopefully model once, build once ;)
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